Every day, millions of dead skin
cells are shed or worn away from the surface of your skin. In fact, every 35 to
45 days, you have an entirely new epidermis. That's why tans from sunless or
self-tanning lotions will gradually fade as the dead cells are worn away. Most
products suggest you re-apply the sunless- or self-tanner about
every three days to maintain your tan.
Skin is made up of two main layers...
the epidermis on the outside and the dermis on the inside. With both sun-tanning
and self-tanning, the epidermis is where the tanning effect takes place. The
epidermis is also made up of layers. The deepest layer of
the epidermis, called the stratum basale (basal layer), is affected during sun
tanning. The stratum corneum (horny layer) is the outermost layer of the
epidermis -- it's this layer that's affected by most sunless-tanning
systems.
Sunless tanning products are becoming very popular, there are two main reasons for this. Firstly having a good tan has become fashionable and desirable. A lot of people do not live in a place with constant sunshine and most of us cannot afford a holiday to the sun to top up our tan every month. This means that people are turning to the various methods of sunless tanning to achieve the desired result.
The second reason is to do with health. It is common knowledge that regular exposure to the UV rays of the sun increases the risk of contracting skin cancer. Also the sun has an aging effect on skin, regular sun bathing can leave you looking older than you actually are. A sunless tan can offer a safe way to get that bronzed look you were after without damaging your skin.
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The first self-tanning lotions were
introduced in the early 1960s, but they left a rather strange orange
discoloration on the skin. Since then, there have been many
advancements in sunless-tanning and there are now several different kinds of
sunless tanning products available.
There are 4 main sunless tanning methods you can use:
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Sunless Tanning Lotion - These sunless tanning products generally contain the bronzing ingredient dihydroxyacetone (DHA). This is a colourless sugar that interacts with dead skin cells causing a colour change to occur. The colour change usually lasts about 5 to 7 days from the initial application. This is a popular method of self tanning but it can be difficult to get an even tan.
Airbrush Tanning - The science of airbrush tanning is similar to tanning lotions, but the tanning solution is applied in a spray. This can either be done manually by a spray gun or automatically in a tanning booth at a salon. A new development in airbrush tanning is the colourless tanning solution. This solution does not contain bronzer and affords a less streaky, more even tan. |
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Tanning Beds - Tanning beds or sunbeds contain fluorescent tubes, these tubes tan the skin by emitting Ultraviolet (UV) Rays, the same type of radiation that is found in natural sunlight. These tanning beds are an effective self tan method but frequent, long term usage can lead to skin cancer and skin aging.
Tanning Pills - Tanning pills come in three varieties: Those that contain caretenoid pigments, those that contain tyrosine and those with no active ingredients. Caretenoid pills contain a pigment which, when taken internally saturates the fat layers just below the skin, which appears to give the skin colour. These pills can change the colour of your skin but the results are often undesirable. The colouration can look unnatural and tends to be concentrated in fatty areas leaving an uneven effect. The other 2 types of tanning pill are not proven to have any effect on the colour of your skin.
The problem of tan evenness does not exist with airbrush tanning. With this method you can obtain the most coverage of any other sunless tanner products that you apply to your skin. The coverage that you obtain from airbrush tanning is immediate because the solution is what gives you the tan. This is in direct contrast to other methods of fake tanning that react with the natural chemistry of your skin. |
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